Todorov H, et al. - Researchers, herein, analyzed the incidence of, prognostic significance of and risk factors for new onset and intermittent/permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) post-cardiac surgery. They observed that new onset and intermittent/permanent AF were associated with adverse clinical outcomes of patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery. The different mechanisms possibly implicated in the pathogenesis of postoperative AF were suggested by different risk factors involved in postoperative AF. For a higher success rate of prevention and treatment of postoperative AF, customized clinical management protocols seem to be warranted.