Li P, et al. - A database of indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) inserted for nonmalignant pleural effusions in patients who underwent medical thoracoscopy (MT) was reviewed by researchers to determine the factors related to higher pleurodesis rates and earlier IPC removal in benign pleural effusions. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of ≤2 and MT were identified as variables with increased pleurodesis rates in multivariate analysis. Secondary pleural infection, % eosinophils, and connective tissue disease were identified as the predictors of earlier removal in multivariate analysis. Pleural effusion above the hilum, liver failure, and heart failure, were identified as predictors of delayed removal. Findings demonstrated the safety of IPCs in benign effusions. Taking into account various factors when predicting the rate of and time to pleurodesis is recommended.