Park S, et al. - In order to shed light on the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pleuritis, this investigation was implemented. Laboratory characteristics of pleural effusions from patients with NTM disease vs patients with tuberculous pleuritis were similar. Data reported worse treatment outcome of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pleuritis, compared with that of MAC lung disease but without pleuritis. Therefore, vigilance on clinicians' end is required to successfully manage patients with MAC pleuritis.