Bersanelli M, Buti S, Giannarelli D, et al. - In patients suffering from advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), researchers undertook this retrospective, multicenter study to determine whether salvage chemotherapy following immunotherapy (SCAI) is efficacious. They analyzed clinical results of advanced NSCLC patients managed with SCAI at 20 Italian centers from November 2013 to July 2019. Among 342 NSCLC patients, SCAI provided a median overall survival of 6.8 months and a median progression free survival of 4.1 months. The objective response rate was estimated to be 22.8 %. Integrating significant predictors of overall survival at the multivariate analyses, a “Post-CKI (immune checkpoint inhibitors) score” was created, Harrell’C was 0.65. Despite the late-line settings, it was inferred that an increased sensitivity of the tumor to the subsequent chemotherapy might be conferred by previous immunotherapy. Findings demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of the “Post-CKI score” in successfully distinguishing three distinct prognostic subgroups of patients following the failure of CKI, affording a likely beneficial instrument for the tailored decision-making process of advanced treatment-line settings in NSCLC.