Haq S, et al. - Data from 638 subjects of mean age 63.1 years were analyzed to assess the baseline systemic outcomes of cases exhibiting diabetic macular edema (DME) who received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment between April 2012 and December 2016. Researchers observed 95.6% type II diabetics with an average HgA1c of 8.1%. Among them, 67% were using insulin, 43% with biguanides, 32.8% with sulfonylureas, 11.8% with DDP4 inhibitors, 3.9% with thiazolidinediones and 0.94% with D-phenylalanine derivatives. They recorded 78.4% of subjects with hypertension, 29.3% with cardiac comorbidities, 16.5% with peripheral vascular disease and 22.6% with renal insufficiency. Conclusively, they found a positive association of older age, hypertension, elevated creatinine, elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreased biguanide use with worse visual acuity.