Nowak T, et al. - Given frequent undertreatment of pain in older subjects with cognitive impairment, pain treatment among 199 elderly nursing home residents (NHR), aged 65 years and above, was characterized. The studied subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 – cognitively intact subjects in whom the pain was evaluated based on Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and group 2 – subjects with cognitive impairment, in whom Abbey Pain Scale (APS) was used to assess pain. NHR displayed a high frequency of untreated or ineffectively treated pain, irrespective of the cognitive status of studied subjects. However, group 2 had more frequent inappropriately treated pain despite no differences in the prevalence of pain in the two groups (65% and 70% respectively).