Cataldi JR, O’Leary ST, Markowitz LE, et al. - In the present study, the researchers sought to assess among pediatricians and family physicians how human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination recommendation practices for 11-12 year-old youth; report parental refusal/ deferral of HPV vaccination; and report barriers to HPV vaccination changed over time. Nationally representative networks of pediatricians and family physicians were surveyed in 2008, 2010, 2013-2014 and 2018. Data reported that response rates were 80% in 2008 (680/848), 72% in 2010 (609/842), 70% in 2013-2014 (582/829), and 65% in 2018 (588/908). More primary care physicians recommended HPV vaccination for adolescents between 2008 and 2018, fewer reported barriers, and more physicians reported parents had vaccine safety or moral/religious concerns.