Ostovaneh MR, Moazzami K, Yoneyama K, et al. – Using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) prospective cohort, which included over 4,500 participants, researchers investigated the link between alteration in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) over 3.2 years and incident dementia. Participants did not have cardiovascular disease at enrollment, had NT-proBNP level estimated at MESA exams 1 (baseline, 2000–2002) and 3 (2004–2005), and did not have dementia prior to exam 3. A total of 223 dementia cases were reported during 45,522 person-years of observation. A 55% rise in the risk of dementia was revealed in relation to an increment of at least 25% in NT-proBNP level from MESA exam 1 through 3, as shown in multivariable analysis. Findings revealed an independent link of an increase in NT-proBNP with future all-cause hospitalized dementia. In addition, increase in NT-proBNP displayed a moderately better predictive performance, relative to risk factors and baseline NT-proBNP, for risk of dementia.