Tumbarello M, Raffaelli F, Giannella M, et al. - In view of a growing body of observational evidence suggesting ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) as valuable in managing infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), researchers here retrieved observational data on the use and outcomes of CAZ-AVI therapy for infections caused by KPC-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) strains for performing this retrospective analysis. A total of 577 adults with bloodstream infections (BSIs) (n = 391) or non-bacteremic infections (nBSIs) involving mainly the urinary tract, lower respiratory tract, intra-abdominal structures, were included in this cohort study. Their treatment involved CAZ-AVI alone (n = 165) or with one or more other active antimicrobials (n = 412). Multivariate analysis revealed mortality to be positively linked with the presence of septic shock, neutropenia, or an INCREMENT score > 8 at infection onset; with LRTI; and with CAZ-AVI dose adjustment for renal function. CAZ-AVI administration by prolonged infusion was identified to be negatively linked with mortality. Findings overall suggest that for managing serious KPC-Kp infections, CAZ-AVI is an important therapeutic option even when used alone.