Huvanandana J, et al. - The acute effect of intravenous caffeine on heart rate and blood pressure variability in preterm infants were evaluated in this study. For the purpose of this investigation, the researchers extracted and compared linear and nonlinear features of heart rate and blood pressure variability at two time points: prior to and in the two hours following a loading dose of 10 mg/kg caffeine base. Researchers reported potential elevation in autonomic nervous system responsiveness following caffeine administration reflected in both heart rate and blood pressure systems. Findings revealed that the marked increase in pulse pressure variability might have implications for caffeine administration to infants with potentially impaired cerebral autoregulation.