Linschoten M, Kamphuis JAM, van Rhenen A, et al. - Given a risk of cardiovascular adverse events, especially a high risk of heart failure, among patients treated for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and considering the fact that a regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, with (R-CHOP) or without (CHOP) rituximab represents the standard first-line therapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide are both related to left ventricular dysfunction, researchers assessed the cardiovascular toxicity of this regimen by performing this systematic review and meta-analysis. In PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, they looked for clinical trials and observational investigations involving adult patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma that received first-line therapy with R-CHOP or CHOP. The analysis of 77 studies with 14,351 patients afforded 2·35% as the pooled proportion for grade 3–4 cardiovascular adverse events. Based on 38 studies with 5,936 patients, the pooled proportion for heart failure was 4·62%, with a significant rise in documented heart failure from 1·64% to 11·72% when the cardiac function was assessed following chemotherapy. Findings revealed a considerable increment of reported heart failures with cardiac monitoring, which implies a frequent non-diagnosis of this complication in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma who received first-line R-CHOP or CHOP. These results call for cardiac monitoring during and following chemotherapy. The progress to more advanced heart failure stages can be mitigated via the prompt start of treatment for heart failure in the presymptomatic phase.