Lorente A, et al. - This study examined the impact of posterior spinal fusion for severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) on cardiopulmonary function during exercise. Surgical correction of severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis Lenke type 1A afforded no improvement in the cardiorespiratory tolerance to maximum exercise 2 years after the operation. These patients exhibited a limited cardiorespiratory tolerance to maximum exercise preoperatively.