Dasgupta S, et al. - Researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of cardiomegaly on chest radiographs (CXR) in predicting subsequent heart disease. In addition, they examined whether obtaining a B-type Natriuretic Peptide level (BNP) and/or electrocardiogram (EKG) is valuable in such patients. Participants were 489 pediatric patients with cardiomegaly on their initial CXR. Cardiomegaly on CXR alone without any other diagnostic testing had PPV of 15% in predicting subsequent heart disease. In cases with either an abnormal EKG or a BNP >100 pg/ml, the PPV increased, and it was further increased when both of these were present. Patients <1 year of age had higher PPV values.