Mahaffey KW, Jardine MJ, Bompoint S, et al. - Researchers focused on the impacts of canagliflozin on specific cardiovascular outcomes as well as its effects in people without previous cardiovascular disease (primary prevention) in CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes With Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) in which patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease were enrolled. Overall 4,401 participants were randomized to canagliflozin or placebo on a background of an optimized standard of care. Two groups were examined: primary prevention participants (n = 2,181, 49.6%) and secondary prevention participants (n = 2,220, 50.4%). Attenuation in the risk of major cardiovascular events overall was seen with canagliflozin treatment, with consistent reductions noted in both the primary and secondary prevention groups. For the parts of the composite including cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke, similar effects were evident. Overall, canagliflozin-induced significant decreases in major cardiovascular events and kidney failure were evident in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, including those without previous cardiovascular disease.