Lu CH, Hsiao YF, Hsu HC, et al. - Thirty-three people [seven with acute osteomyelitis (OM), 18 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flares, and eight with gouty arthritis (GA) attacks] who had acute monoarthritis or oligoarthritis, and who had received ultrasound (US) examinations in the acute stage were recruited in a study by the researchers in order to ascertain the specific ultrasonographic characteristics of acute arthritis with periarticular bone erosions caused by acute OM, RA, and GA. The maximum mean grade of subcutaneous edema was discovered in patients with acute OM while the grade 2 edema was more prevalent than patients with RA and GA. In individuals with acute OM vs in those with RA and GA, the prevalence of subcutaneous power Doppler signal was also greater. In acute OM, periosteal vascularity was demonstrated more often, however, the interrater reliability was poor. In GA, the tophaceous material was distinguishing from OM and RA. In conclusion, in this study, the most discriminative US characteristics were the subcutaneous tissue variations in addition to the periosteal findings. Moreover, the US could provide to the differential diagnosis of acute erosive arthritis.