Groeneveld O, et al. - Researchers used advanced multimodal MRI to determine the neuroanatomical correlates of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia in patients (≥70 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). They performed a 3 tesla MRI in 25 patients with T2DM and MCI or early dementia as well as in patients with T2DM with intact cognition (the reference group). Using automated segmentation methods, they obtained brain volumes and white matter hyperintensity volumes. Patients with vs without cognitive impairment had a lower grey matter volume, especially in the right temporal lobe and subcortical brain regions; they also had reduced white matter volume and white matter connectivity (though not statistically significant). Overall, the suggested primary imaging correlate of MCI and early dementia in T2DM patients was grey matter atrophy, not vascular brain injury.