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Brain-based gender differences in autism spectrum disorder across the lifespan: A systematic review of structural MRI, fMRI, and DTI findings

NeuroImage: Clinical Jun 15, 2021

Walsh MJM, Wallace GL, Gallegos SM, et al. - Researchers performed a systematic review on MRI-based gender differences in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to evaluate variations across the lifespan and inform biomarker discovery of ASD in females Researchers distinguished articles through two database searches. A total of 50 studies included and had undergone integrative review. This study’s findings reveal that gender-related biology may interact with peripheral processes, in particular the stress axis and brain arousal system, to produce distinct neurodevelopmental patterns in males and females with ASD. Further study on neuroimaging-based gender differences in ASD would benefit from a lifespan approach in well-controlled and multivariate studies. There is a significant relationship between behavior, gender hormones, and brain development in ASD remain largely unexamined.

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