Wagenaar N, van den Berk DJM, Lemmers PMA, et al. - In this observational retrospective cohort study, researchers analyzed early cerebral electrical activity and oxygenation measured by amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy in term perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS; defined as an acute symptomatic insult in an arterial territory confirmed by neuroimaging that occurs in 1:2300 newborns) neonates and relate them to the development of cerebral palsy and cognitive deficit. To examine the connection between aEEG, near-infrared spectroscopy, clinical variables, and neurodevelopmental outcome, multivariable analyses were used. Data reported that the median time to a continuous background pattern was longer in the ipsilesional vs the contralesional hemisphere in 52 patients with PAIS (gestational age, 40.4±1.4 weeks; birth weight, 3282±479 g). Recovery of aEEG background pattern and cerebral oxygenation are both affected by PAIS and related to the development of neurocognitive. Valuable early prognostic information can be provided by both measurements. Additionally, in identifying infants eligible for early neuroprotective interventions and to detect early effects of these interventions, monitoring cerebral activity and oxygenation can be useful.