Teufel M, et al. - In order to identify genetic, microRNA (miRNA) and protein biomarkers associated with regorafenib response, researchers analyzed plasma and tumor samples from study participants. Archived tumor tissues and baseline plasma samples were obtained from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) given regorafenib in the RESORCE trial. They analyzed baseline plasma samples from 499 patients for expression of 294 proteins (DiscoveryMAP) and plasma samples from 349 patients for levels of 750 miRNAs (miRCURY miRNA PCR). Nine plasma miRNAs (MIR30A, MIR122, MIR125B, MIR200A, MIR374B, MIR15B, MIR107, MIR320, and MIR645) whose levels significantly correlated with overall survival time with regorafenib were identified. In the RESORCE trial, expression patterns of plasma proteins and miRNAs that related to increased overall survival times of patients with HCC following treatment with regorafenib were identified. In order to identify patients with HCC most likely to respond to regorafenib, levels of these circulating biomarkers and genetic characteristics of tumors could be used.