Stensballe LG, et al. - In a randomized trial, researchers primarily assessed the potential non-specific effects of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination at birth on all-cause hospitalization in Denmark, a high-income setting. In addition, they investigated if BCG vaccination at birth would reduce early childhood hospitalization for infection. In Danish children, BCG vaccination did not affect the rate of hospitalization for infection up to the age of 15 months. Cesarean delivery seemed to modify the effect of BCG vaccination. When the outcome was defined as time to first hospitalization, the hazard ratio [HR] for premature children after BCG vaccination was 1.81, whereas the HR was 0.94 for children born at term.