Courcoulas AP, Gallagher JW, Neiberg RH, et al. – Researchers performed a randomized trial to compare the remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following surgical or non-surgical treatments. Study participants included 61 individuals (mean age: 47 ± 6.6 years; 82% were women; 21% African American) with obesity and T2DM who were initially randomized to either bariatric surgical treatments (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB] or laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding [LAGB]) or an intensive lifestyle weight loss intervention program for 1 year. Findings revealed that mean decreases in percentage body weight at 5 years were the highest after RYGB 25.2% ± 2.1%, followed by LAGB 12.7% ± 2.0% and lifestyle treatment 5.1% ± 2.5%. The authors concluded that surgical treatments were more effective in treating T2DM than lifestyle intervention alone.