Arnljots R, et al. - Researchers investigated a likely connection between bacteriuria and vitamin D deficiency in elderly individuals at nursing homes in this cross-sectional study. The participating nursing homes were 22 in Sweden and voided urine specimens and blood samples were gathered from 385 of 901 elderly individuals. The study sample had a mean age of 87 (SD 6.7), 69% were women. Vitamin D supplement was received by 19%, and diabetes mellitus was present in 13%. A diagnosis of dementia was received by 54%. Findings revealed a common occurrence of bacteriuria and vitamin D deficiency. Experts identified no link between bacteriuria and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) < 25 nmol/L. A connection was evident when 25OHD < 12.5 nmol/L was used as a cut-off for vitamin D deficiency. However, the interpretation of this requires caution because causality cannot be assessed as well as only few residents had 25OHD < 12.5 nmol/L.