Hardt U, et al. - In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), serum IgG anti-MDA expression and associations with disease activity, renal involvement, and inflammation biomarkers were determined. They noted that raised IgG anti-MDA in patients with SLE was related to high disease activity, active lupus nephritis, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation. This natural antibody reactivity could have potential prognostic utility, and could also actively contribute to pathogenesis.