Alves C, Pinho JF, dos Santos LM, et al. - In this observational analysis of 38 children and adolescents suffering from primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) (12.14 ± 3.65 years) and 37 healthy controls (13.28 ± 2.80 years), researchers determined if central and peripheral vascular profiles, hemodynamic parameters, and biochemical tests were related to augmentation index (AIx@75), a measure of arterial stiffness and wave reflection, in PNS patients. They found significantly higher peripheral and central systolic blood pressure (SBPp, SBPc) Z-scores in the PNS patients. Relative to controls, PNS patients were found to have a significantly higher AIx@75. A univariate linear correlation in the PNS group revealed a negative correlation of AIx@75 with weight, height, and systolic volume/body surface, and its positive correlation with the Z-score of SBPp, peripheral diastolic blood pressure, SBPc, central diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and cholesterol. In this study, subclinical indicators for the development of cardiovascular disease were presented by PNS patients even in stable condition, as suggested by early abnormalities of AIx@75 and vascular parameters.