Gabet A, Olie V, Bejot Y, et al. - In patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the usage of oral anticoagulants (OAC) have grown over time. Premorbid use of OAC was associated with poor outcomes after ICH, implying the need to better identify ICH risk before initiating or pursuing OAC therapy in patients with AF, as well as develop acute treatment and secondary prevention strategies in patients with AF after ICH.

• Among 444 patients with ICH, 97 (21.9%) had AF, with 65 (14.6%) having previously known AF treated with OAC and 13 (2.9%) having newly diagnosed AF.

• The prevalence of AF increased from 17.2% in 2006–2011 to 25.8% in 2012–2017.

• There was an increase in the proportion of AF treated with OAC and newly diagnosed AF.

• After controlling for premorbid OAC, AF was not associated with ordinal modified Rankin Scale score or death in patients with ICH in multivariable analyses.

• Nonetheless, adjusted premorbid OAC use remained strongly associated with an increased risk of death.