Goni IL, et al. - The associations of the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with adiposity were investigated in preschool children from the north of Spain. The findings supported that in preschool children, higher adherence to the MDP and higher CRF were correlated with lower waist circumference, denoting them as relevant modifiable factors to be targeted by educational strategies aiming to prevent central obesity and later obesity-related comorbidities.