Fagherazzi G, et al. - Using data from the French prospective population-based E3N cohort study, researchers assessed the relationship between migraine and type 2 diabetes incidence. They also evaluated the evolution of the prevalence of an active migraine before and after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. They observed a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women with active migraine. They also observed a clear linear decrease in the prevalence of an active migraine before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, as well as the stagnation of the prevalence of a migraine after diagnosis of diabetes.

Methods

• Of the eligible women included in the E3N study (n=98,995), those who completed the 2002 follow-up questionnaire with available information on migraine were included in this study (n=76,403).
• However, those with type 2 diabetes were excluded (n=2,156); the final sample of women (n=74,247) were followed up between 2004 and 2014.
• All potential type 2 diabetes occurrences were identified through a drug reimbursement database.
• In March 2018, statistical analyses were performed.
• Exposure included self-reported migraine occurrence.
• Main outcome and measure included pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes.

Results

• At the baseline, participants had a mean (SD) age of 61 (6) years and were all free of type 2 diabetes.
• A total of 2,372 incident type 2 diabetes cases occurred during 10 years of follow-up.
• They observed a lower risk of type 2 diabetes for women with active migraine vs women with no migraine history.
• After adjustment for potential type 2 diabetes risk factors, they also noted a linear decrease in active migraine prevalence from 22% (95% CI, 16% to 27%) to 11% (95% CI, 10% to 12%) during the 24 years prior to diabetes diagnosis.
• Following 22 years of diagnosis, they noted a plateau of migraine prevalence of approximately 11%.