Abreo AP, et al. - Researchers assessed the links between calf, thigh, and arm circumference and cardiovascular and all-cause death in this retrospective cohort analysis utilizing 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 11,871 patients were analyzed. Each centimeter of calf circumference was identified to be related to a hazard ratio of 0.88, and a hazard ratio of 0.90 for cardiovascular mortality, as revealed in the multivariable Cox regression for the female stratum. In the model with men, the hazard ratio for calf circumference was estimated to be 0.92 and 0.94 for all-cause death and for cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Higher thigh circumference was found to be statistically significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death. In the multivariate model, arm circumference was not similarly related to mortality. Based on these findings, it was inferred that crucial prognostic information about cardiovascular and all-cause mortality may be afforded by calf and thigh circumference.