Pilliod RA, et al. - In this historical cohort study involving 7,322,234 births in the preadoption period and 6,972,626 births in the postadoption period, researchers ascertained whether widespread adoption of a 39-week rule, limiting elective deliveries prior to 39 weeks’ gestation, was correlated with an increase or decrease in overall mortality when considering both stillbirths and infant deaths. Findings revealed that there was a reduction in the proportion of deliveries at 37 weeks and 38 weeks and an increase in the proportion of deliveries at 39 weeks and 40 weeks in the postadoption period compared with the preadoption period. Compared with preadoption, the stillbirth rate increased in the postadoption cohort. The overall mortality rate for the preadoption period was calculated at 0.31% and for the postadoption period at 0.30%. In the period following the widespread adoption of restricting elective early-term deliveries despite an increase in stillbirth, overall mortality was not increased.