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Association of weight loss interventions with changes in biomarkers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

JAMA Jul 09, 2019

Koutoukidis DA, et al. - Through a systematic review and meta-analysis of 22 randomized clinical trials with 2,588 participants with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, affects about 25% of adults worldwide and is associated with obesity), the researchers assessed the relationship of weight loss interventions with biomarkers of liver disease in NAFLD. Behavioral weight loss programs, pharmacotherapy, and surgical procedure were tested by 15, 6, and one studies, respectively. More-intensive weight loss interventions were statistically markedly related to the larger weight change, in comparison with no or lower-intensity weight loss interventions. Improvements in biomarkers, including alanine aminotransferase, histologically or radiologically measured liver steatosis, histologic NAFLD activity score, and presence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were statistically significantly correlated to weight loss interventions. In histologic liver fibrosis, no statistically important change could be ascertained. Hence, regardless of some heterogeneity, the trials consistently exhibited evidence of the correlation among weight loss interventions and improved biomarkers of liver disease in NAFLD in the short to medium term, however, insufficient evidence on long-term health outcomes were recognized. Furthermore, to promote formal weight loss programs for people with NAFLD, these conclusions seemed to support the necessity to change the clinical guidelines.
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