Assoun S, et al. - Since there exists a correlation of tumor mutational burden (TMB) with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC), researchers investigated if TMB could be reflected by TP53 mutations, and if these mutations are related to ICI benefit. Overall 72 patients (median [interquartile range] age: 61 [33–83] years) having aNSCLC were included who had received treatment with programmed death-1 blockers. They were evaluated for TP53 mutations by means of next-generation sequencing. A median follow-up of 15.2 months revealed the median overall survival (OS) of 18.1 months and 8.1 months in the TP53-mutated group vs the TP53-wild-type group, respectively. TP53-mutated patients had significantly longer median progression-free survival, although no significant impact of TP53 mutation status on PFS was evident in multivariate analysis. Overall, findings revealed a correlation of TP53-mutated status with immunotherapy OS benefit in aNSCLC.