Lopez DS, Huang D, Tsilidis KK, et al. - In a large, nationally representative, commercially insured cohort, researchers examined the relationship of prostate cancer (PCa) with testosterone therapy [TTh] (injection or gel) and different TTh doses, and ascertained if this connection varies by the presence of diabetes at baseline. The study sample consisted of 189,491 men aged 40-60 years old in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database, which involved 1,424 patients with diagnosed PCa from 2011 to 2014. To compute HRs for patients with incident PCa, multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used. The investigators noted a 33% reduced association of PCa after comparing the highest category (> 12) of TTh injections with the lowest (1-2 injections) category. Overall, increased use of TTh was found to be inversely linked to PCa, and this only remained significant among non-diabetics. According to the investigators, these findings support further study to infer any health advantage from TTh in large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials.