van Leeuwen R, Haarman AEG, van de Put MAJ, et al. - In this cohort study, experts aspired to explore whether the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the Netherlands has changed over recent years and whether this change is correlated with an altered prevalence of RRD risk factors. All individuals who had surgical repair for a primary RRD in the Netherlands from January 1 to December 31, 2009, and January 1 to December 31, 2016, were analyzed, in addition to all candidates in the population-based Rotterdam Study who were examined during these years. Four thousand four hundred forty-seven individuals (median [range] age, 61 [3-96] years) underwent primary RRD surgery in the Netherlands in 2016, resulting in an incidence rate of RRD of 26.2 per 100,000 person-years. A rise in primary RRD incidence in the Netherlands over a 7-year period was found in this study, which could not be explained by a different age distribution or cataract surgical rate. A simultaneous myopic shift in the Dutch population may be associated, warranting additional population-based research on the incidence of RRD and the prevalence of myopia.