Masroor F, et al. - In this cohort study involving 233 individuals with human papillomavirus–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-associated OPSCC), researchers circumscribed adherence to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) clinical follow-up guideline, frequency of recurrence detection method, classified as symptom-directed, physician-detected, or imaging-detected, and survival benefit correlated with adherence to the NCCN guideline. Clinical surveillance is of limited utility in patients with HPV-associated OPSCC. Nearly all recurrences medically identified were triggered by patient symptoms that encouraged the clinician to provide the earlier presentation. It does not seem to confer survival advantage on adherence to the current schedule, and locoregional recurrences are almost never observed after 2 years. Reduction of posttreatment clinical surveillance in this population was supported.