Nielsen TC, Nassar N, Shand AW, et al. - Researchers intended to determine if there is a connection between maternal autoimmune disease and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) within a population-based cohort and combine results in a subsequent systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 12,610 children exposed to maternal autoimmune disease were propensity score matched (1:4) to 50,440 children not exposed, for a total cohort of 63,050. Any autoimmune disease, type 1 diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and psoriasis have been linked to ADHD. Maternal autoimmune diseases were linked to increased ADHD among children in this cohort study. Such results indicate that there is a possible shared genetic vulnerability between autoimmune disease and ADHD or a potential function of maternal immune activation in children's expression of neurodevelopmental disorders. To better understand the mechanisms underlying this association, future studies measuring disease activity, modifiers, and medication use are needed.