Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Wendelken C, Nieto-Castañón A, et al. - In this 4-year longitudinal cohort study, researchers enrolled a community cohort of 94 children from Vanderbilt University between 2010 and 2013 in order to examine whether the power of the coupling of activation among specific brain regions, as measured by resting-state functional MRI (fMRI), prognosticated individual children’s developmental trajectories in terms of attentional problems features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and internalizing difficulties feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Data from a longitudinal brain development study involving children evaluated at age 7 years (n = 94; 41 girls) and 11 years (n = 54; 32 girls) was examined. It was found that for the primary identification of children at risk of developing MDD or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, these resting-state fMRI metrics were assuring biomarkers.