Dong YH, Chang CH, Wang JL, et al. - This study was undertaken to calculate the risk of aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection (AA/AD) associated with infections and to evaluate the comparative risk of AA/AD associated with fluoroquinolones vs other antibiotics with similar indication profiles among patients with the same types of infections. Between January 1, 2009, to November 30, 2015, researchers conducted a nested case-control study identifying 21,651,176 adult patients from a nationwide population-based health insurance claims database. They included a sum of 28,948 cases and 289,480 matched controls (71.37% male; mean age, 67.41 [15.03] years). These outcomes indicate the importance of accounting for coexisting infections while examining the safety of antibiotics applying real-world data; the data imply that concerns about AA/AD risk should not deter fluoroquinolone use for patients with indicated infections.