Iseki K, et al. - Researchers examined the link between dipstick hematuria and all-cause mortality in subjects who participated in the 2008 Tokutei-Kenshin (nationwide specific health check and guidance program) in six districts in Japan. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] and dipstick results of 1+ and higher were defined as hematuria (+). The observed HR (95% CI) for dipstick hematuria (+) in men was noted to be 1.464, whereas that for hematuria (-) was 0.820, after adjusting for age, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, comorbid condition (diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia), past history (stroke, heart disease and kidney disease) and lifestyle (smoking, drinking, walking and exercise). Overall, dipstick hematuria was found to be significantly related to mortality in this study population.