Rousseau JC, et al. - Researchers sought to examine the correlations of prevalent and incident osteoarthritis (OA) with the expression levels of serum miRNAs in individuals with and without OA. They contrasted the miRome expression of 10 women with knee OA and 10 age-matched healthy people with a next-generation sequencing approach. The expression levels of 19 miRNAs were assessed by real-time qPCR at baseline selecting 43 women with prevalent knee OA, 23 women with incident knee OA over a 4-year follow-up and 67 healthy people without prevalent or incident OA matched for age and body mass index. In comparison with control, serum miR-146a-5p notably rose in the group of prevalent knee OA. It was found that miR-146a-5p and miR-186-5p were notably correlated with prevalent and incident knee OA, respectively.