Slomp FM, et al. - Researchers explored the potential connection between cigarette smoking and depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, as well as gender impact in Brazilian adolescents (n = 988, age range 11 to 17 years) on these interactions. This cross-sectional study was performed in 82 schools in the city of Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil. For smokers, mean (± standard error) Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores were higher than for nonsmokers. In Brazilian adolescents, smoking was found to be linked to anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and poor school performance. More suicidal ideation reported by female smokers than by male smokers. These findings can contribute to the development of Brazilian youth's anti-smoking strategies.