Auger N, Soullane S, Luu TM, et al. - Researchers conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 731,803 children born between 2006 and 2016 at all hospitals in Quebec, Canada, with the aim to examine the correlation between cesarean delivery and childhood infection up to 13 years of age. Relative to nonoperative vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery is correlated with 1.07 times the risk of otitis media, 1.15 times the risk of respiratory infection, and 1.13 times the risk of infectious enteritis at 3-4 years of age. Observations revealed correlation of cesarean delivery with infection hospitalization before but not after 5 years of age. However, operative vaginal deliveries also exhibited the associations, which suggests that mechanisms other than exposure to maternal vaginal flora explain the relationship.