Ripolles-Melchor J, Abad-Motos A, Díez-Remesal Y, et al. - The present study was undertaken to evaluate the correlation of use of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols with complications in patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted to include individuals from 131 centers in Spain between October 22 and December 22, 2018. A total of 6,146 individuals were included (3580 women [58.2%]; median age, 71 [interquartile range (IQR), 63-76] years) during the 2-month recruitment period. There were no differences in the number of individuals with overall postoperative complications between ERAS and non-ERAS groups. Although only a few ERAS items were individually correlated with improved results, an increase in adherence to the ERAS program was correlated with a reduction in postoperative complications.