Garg T, et al. - In 1800 older (aged ≥60 years) medically complex adults with superficial bladder cancer (SBC) (American Joint Committee on Cancer stage ≤I) who received treatment (bladder instillation and/or transurethral resection) or observation, researchers assessed the link between treatment of SBC and 10-year mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusting for age, sex, race, health system, stage of disease/grade, and multiple chronic conditions (MCC) (≥2 baseline chronic conditions) and propensity score analysis. Treatment and observation were opted for 1,485 patients (82.5%) and 315 patients (17.5%), respectively. In this patient population, a clinically meaningful link between cancer treatment and survival benefit was evident even after adjustment for medical complexity. Unweighted multivariable analysis revealed that treatment was related to a 30% reduction in death and MCC with a 72% increase in death.