Kongebro EK, et al. - In patients undergoing abdominal surgery, researchers assessed the long-term risk of stroke or transient cerebral ischemia (TCI) consequent to 80% vs 30% perioperative oxygen delivery in this post-hoc analysis of a large randomized trial. During acute or elective open abdominal surgery, 80% or 30% perioperative oxygen was administered to a total of 1,386 patients in a randomized manner. These participants were followed for median duration of 3.9 years. According to findings, stroke or TCI did not seem associated with perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction. However, the observation that perioperative hyperoxia increases risk of mortality, stroke, or TCI after abdominal surgery cannot be excluded due to few events.