Zhao J, et al. - The relationship between mild or moderate childhood obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and cognitive dysfunction was studied in this analysis. For this investigation, 59 children (4–12 years of age) diagnosed with mild or moderate OSAHS by polysomnography and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy children were involved. Researchers used the China-Wechsler Younger Children Scale of Intelligence to assess cognition of the children aged <6 years and the China-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children to assess cognition of the children aged ≥6 years. The study findings suggested that mild to moderate childhood OSAHS could adversely affect cognitive function, especially in young children (<6 years of age). They proposed that this research might increase the awareness of childhood OSAHS-associated cognitive dysfunction and promote early interventions in childhood OSAHS.