Bao W, et al. - The present study was performed to investigate the relationship of pyrethroid exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults in the United States. Researchers designed a nationally representative cohort including a total of 2,116 adults aged 20 years and older who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey carried out between 1999 and 2002 and provided urine samples for pyrethroid metabolite measurements. This cohort study included a total of 2,116 adults involving 1,145 women (weighted proportion, 51.6%) and 971 men (weighted, 48.4%), with a weighted mean (SE) age of 42.6 (0.5) years; 958 participants (weighted, 68.4%) were of non-Hispanic white ancestry, 646 (weighted, 14.7%) of Hispanic ancestry, 419 (weighted, 11.3%) of non-Hispanic black ancestry, and 93 (weighted, 5.6%) of other ancestry. The results indicated that environmental exposure to pyrethroid insecticides was correlated with an enhanced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in this nationally representative sample of US adults. Future research is required to replicate the findings and ascertain the underlying mechanisms.