Iranpour S, et al. - Using data from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES), researchers conducted this cross-sectional study to explore the connection between caffeine intake and cognitive function. The study sample consisted of 1,440 adults aged ≥ 60 years. Only the highest quartile of caffeine intakes was positively linked to the cognitive function in the crude model and also trend existed in all of the dimensions. The connection was marginally important in CERAD Word List Recall Test, but was not meaningful in other dimensions of cognitive function after adjusting for potential confounders (age, gender, family income, education, marital status, history of disease, sleep disorders, thyroid problems, physical activity, social support, smoking, and some nutrients). In regards to the CERAD Word List Recall Test, a statistically significant interaction between caffeine consumption and gender was observed. In older adults, there was generally a weak positive link between intake of caffeine and cognitive performance that was modified by gender. Therefore, the relationship between male and female was stronger.