Girisgen I, et al. - One hundred nineteen children with nocturnal enuresis (5–16 years) and 40 healthy children (5–17 years) were recruited in this study in order to assess the serum levels of copeptin and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis cases. The serum copeptin levels and serum CRF levels were markedly lower in children with monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis vs the controls. No important variation in copeptin and CRF levels between the children with monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. In this study in monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic enuretic children, those variations in both copeptin and CRF which were exhibited could add to the pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis. In monosymptomatic and non-monosymptomatic individuals, additional case-control studies can assess the copeptin and CRF levels prior to treatments in order to determine the possible efficiency of treatment.