Paleiron N, Grassin F, Lancelin C, et al. - Researchers conducted the preOVNI study, a randomized controlled open-label study, to ascertain if preoperative noninvasive ventilation (NIV) could decrease postoperative complications after lung cancer surgery. They randomly assigned 300 adult patients with planned lung cancer resection and with at least one cardiac or respiratory comorbidity to preoperative NIV (at least 7 days and 4 h/day) or no NIV. The median NIV duration of 8 days was reported in the NIV group. Outcomes yielded no evidence indicating the benefit of preoperative NIV before lung cancer surgery. Postoperative complication rates were: 42.6% in NIV group and 44.8% in no-NIV group. No-NIV group had higher rate of pneumonia relative to NIV group, but statistical significance was not achieved (28.0 vs 37.7%, respectively). Multivariable analysis indicated no impact of the type of surgery (open or mini-invasive) on these results.