Wang Y, et al. - The clinical manifestations of children with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis in Central South China were investigated. In addition, experts examined the factors influencing the effectiveness of treatment. As per observations, patients with decreased consciousness, PICU stay, and autonomic instability were more likely to have no or limited response to first-line immunotherapy. These patients possibly required second-line or even more aggressive immunotherapy. This study revealed a much lower incidence of tumors, lower mortality rates, and a lower proportion of lethal autonomic instability in children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis in China than adults.